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高等教育計画と放送大学 : ほんの20年のこと
https://ouj.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/7393
https://ouj.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/739311222a0d-a763-4e9f-891a-d85c80ba3d1e
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
NO_16-37-70 (3.7 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2013-06-14 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 高等教育計画と放送大学 : ほんの20年のこと | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | The Higher Education Planning and the University of the Air : Only Two Decades | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| 著者 |
小林, 雅之
× 小林, 雅之× Kobayashi, Masayuki |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | 放送大学の構想は1960年代末に遡る．その構想は1970年代に具体化され，1983年4月に放送大学の開学の運びとなり今日に至っている．この時期は，日本の高等教育計画が策定された時期とほぼ重なりあう．本稿は，高等教育政策・計画の中で放送大学はどのように位置づけられてきたかを検討する．高等教育政策・計画と放送大学の展開をみる基本的な視角として，教育計画のモデルと定義の変遷からみると，教育計画は合理的モデルから政治的モデルに推移している．60年代の高等教育の自由放任政策の下で高等教育が急激に発展したことが，様々な歪みをもたらし，この是正のため高等教育計画が成立した．したがって，日本の高等教育計画は，発展のための計画ではなく抑制のための計画という特異な性格をもった．やがて，高等教育の多様化や市場化によって将来予測が不可能になり，高等教育計画は終焉した．これは合理的モデルの破綻であった．しかしながら，高等教育システムは徐々にではあるが高等教育計画が意図したように分化している． 高等教育政策・計画の中で放送木学の性格や目的がどのように変化していったかをみると，構想の当初から放送大学は生涯学習機関として考えられていたが，その位置づけは高等教育計画の中では，当初はそれほど大きなものでなかった．しかし，次第にその役割は大きくなり，教養教育と生涯学習の複合的な目的を放送大学は持つことになった．最後に，こうした検討をふまえ，放送大学の今後について展望すると，何よりこの目的の複合性と多様性を認識することが重要であるといえる． |
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| 抄録（英） | ||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 値 | This paper briefly reviews the development of higher education planning in Japan and clarifies the position of the University of the Air in the higher education planning from 1976 to 1997. Flrst, the paper presents the changes of thoughts and models of educational planning. Second, the birth, development and closing of the higher education planning are examined. Third, the paper closely examines the planning of the University of the Air related with the history of the higher educatlon planning. Finally the paper tries to provide a perspective of the future of the University of the Air. *** Throughout the 1960s, higher education in Japan was developing through the government's "laissez faire" policy. The rapid expansion of higher education generated some serious distortions in the Japanese higher education system. One of the most serious problems was a hierarchical structure between publlc and private sectors. So in 1971, the Central Council on Education published "The Basic Guidelines for Reform of Education," which advocated differentiation of the higher education system to break inflexible structure of the educational system. "The Basic Guidelines" strongly influenced higher education planning in the 1970s. In 1976 the first Higher Education Plan was published to facilitate the reform proposals of "Basic Guldelines." It strictly restricted the expansion of enrollment of private institutions. The policy for private institutions shifted from "no support, no control" to "support, but control." This basic notion was succeeded by the next two education plans. On the other hand the Ad Hoc Council on Education established in 1984 challenged this restricting policy, and some members of the Council advocated a return to the earlier "laissez faire" policy. However, they did not succeed to change the educational system. After the Ad Hoc Coultcil on Education, the University Council was established and it made the fourth and the last higher education plans. It these new plans the forecast of enrollment was not included. The models of higher education planning seem to have switched from a rational and "technicist" approach to a flexible political and interaction approach. Nevertheless, the basic structure of the higher education system seems to remain inflexible. The change of the higher education system has been very slow. However, it has been gradually moving toward diversification and flexibility that are the main goals of the planning, and a more flexible new plannlng model has to be explored. *** The University of the Air, Japan (UAJ) was estabiished in 1983. The first plan of UAJ goes back to the 1960s. It was expected to contribute to the reform of the higher education system in Japan and designed as a conventional corresponding university at first. Then to facilitate the construction of a lifelong learning society became more important aim of UAJ. Finally both became the maln aims of the university. This change of the aims has been affecting the role and operation of UAJ seriously. UAJ has two main contradicting aims: liberal art education as a traditional elite university and recurrent education for adult students. This paper argues UAJ must clarify the tasks to accomplish these two complicated aims. It is very difficult to implement these tasks under stringent financial conditions. UAJ needs to elaborate a long term plan for the future. |
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| 書誌情報 |
放送大学研究年報 en : Journal of the University of the Air 巻 16, p. 37-70, 発行日 1999-03-31 |
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| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0911-4505 | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN10019636 | |||||
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Cite as
小林, 雅之, Kobayashi, Masayuki, 1999, The Higher Education Planning and the University of the Air : Only Two Decades: 37–70 p.
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